The philosophy of Jesus vs. Ayn Rand: On Wealth

Posted by Robbie53024 12 years, 1 month ago to Philosophy
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Someone (sorry, I don't remember who) asked that we have more philosophical discussions here, so this is my attempt at doing so. If you're such an avowed atheist such that you cannot have a rational discussion and must resort to name calling and ad hominem attacks, then please stop reading this now and move along. However, if you would like to engage intellectually and rationally in a philosophical discussion, then I welcome your comments.

Oftentimes there are those who claim that religion is evil in that it decries money or the making of money, and claim that the essence of religion (or at least Christianity, but then if it is merely Christianity, what is the objection to other religions?) is altruism. Surely, you are familiar with the "Root of Money" speech by Francisco - I won't quote the entirety here, merely the claim that "Money is not the tool of the moochers, who claim your product by tears..." Which is a clear condemnation of altruism.

Matthew 6:24 states, in part, "You cannot serve God and wealth." Which many atheists take as you cannot be wealthy, thus you must give away your earnings but for a meager pittance to live on - you must be altruistic. I believe that this is a misunderstanding of the teaching about wealth. On the serving two masters - You can serve God which means to live a life of honesty, morality, and goodness; or you can serve money, which means to do whatever it takes to get ahead - lying, thievery, murder, etc. As so many are wont to do with this passage, it does not mean that you must take a vow of poverty or give all but a meager portion to live on to others. It also does not mean that if you have earned great wealth that you have not served God. This is a very simplistic view. In Matthew 19:23 "And Jesus said to His disciples, "Truly I say to you, it is hard for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven." Hard, but not impossible. Hard because in the morality of the day one had to bribe, steal, lie - in essence be totally corrupt - to make much money. That was the culture of the time. If you were an honest person, you would likely be taken advantage of by those who were not. This was merely an acknowledgement of the world as it existed rather than a condemnation of hard work and high morality leading to becoming wealthy. On the contrary, it is likely that this very sentiment is what helped to lead to a less corrupt society and one that values honesty and truth instead of thievery and deceit.


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  • Posted by CircuitGuy 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    "That is indeed a 'really moving passage'."
    It actually sounds like practical advice to me. He's saying obey the law, live to fight another day, and live your values. I could see a modern person who thinks income taxes are horrible being asked, "So you're inciting people to evade taxes?" while someone makes a recording for the fed gov't. The tax critic says, "No. While I don't agree with modern tax law, I am not advocating being sneaky and not paying. I see that as cheating because the current law of the land is this is our gov't is funded."
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  • Posted by 12 years, 1 month ago
    My apologies if you've read this in another thread, but I thought it applied here as well.

    I would say that many of the teachings of Jesus about the poor have been misconstrued (mostly intentionally in my opinion) by atheists - AR in particular - as sacrificing yourself for others. I don't think that is the true teaching.

    Matthew 19:21-23
    21 Jesus said to him, "If you would be perfect, go, sell what you possess and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow me."
    22 When the young man heard this he went away sorrowful; for he had great possessions.
    23 And Jesus said to his disciples, "Truly, I say to you, it will be hard for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven.

    That passage is often cited as commanding us to eliminate all our worldly possessions giving them to the poor and live a destitute life. That would be a wrong interpretation. Instead, like much of the teaching of Jesus, this is an allegory. It is meant to identify the struggle between the corporeal world (our possessions) and the kingdom of heaven. In order to reach heaven, we must be willing to give up all that we have on earth - not that we have to give it all up, but not hold it so dearly that we wouldn't give it up - and keep the overall priorities aligned. The young man leaves dejected as he now knows that he must view his life differently. It intentionally does not tell us what he ended up doing, merely that he has the struggle between what he should do and what he would prefer to do. One must live one's life justly and morally, treating others with respect and dignity.

    One passage that the anti-Christians don't often bring up is Matthew 26:6-11
    6 Now when Jesus was at Bethany in the house of Simon the leper,
    7 a woman came up to him with an alabaster flask of very expensive ointment, and she poured it on his head, as he sat at table.
    8 But when the disciples saw it, they were indignant, saying, "Why this waste?
    9 For this ointment might have been sold for a large sum, and given to the poor."
    10 But Jesus, aware of this, said to them, "Why do you trouble the woman? For she has done a beautiful thing to me.
    11 For you always have the poor with you, but you will not always have me.

    In this passage Jesus is chastising his apostles who think that it would be better to give the proceeds of the scented oil to help the poor (the typical charge of those believing that Jesus was the ultimate altruist). But, Jesus says that there will always be the poor (wise or omniscient?) and what little could be done for them by such an action, while helpful, would be inconsequential - but honoring him (and God in turn) would forever be remembered. That isn't to say that we should ignore the poor, but it was a realization that despite whatever we do, they will always exist. Do what we can to help them but we must also honor God.

    Just 2 small examples.
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  • Posted by Hiraghm 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    What he wants is to pretend that philosophy is *science* (without all that inconvenient and time-consuming stuff like research, empirical evidence, experimentation, etc)
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  • Posted by Hiraghm 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    "words composed and compiled in that Bible some 300 yrs after the death of their alleged speaker"

    So, you're okay with 3 movies taking liberties with Rand's words 32 years after her death? The dividing line of acceptability is somewhere between 32 years and 300 years?
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  • Posted by Zenphamy 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    Debate? I'm pretty certain that a philosophical discussion is not a debate. Debate is a win/lose oratory contest with the winner chosen through a consensus vote of the listeners. A philosophical discussion is a factual one concerning reality, verifiable facts, and measurable truths.
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  • Posted by Zenphamy 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    Knowledge: What can be known by a human mind provided by his physical senses from the real world, measured and analyzed by his reasoning mind, and shown therefor to be true or not true, real or not real. By definition, religion is a set of beliefs about a supernatural entity and realm-- unknowable, unmeasurable, unverifiable, unreasonable.

    Different language? Quite probably. I speak American-English. I've listened to a few pentacostals speaking 'tongues' and I can't understand them.
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  • Posted by Zenphamy 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    Deception? Words have meaning, and those words composed and compiled in that Bible some 300 yrs after the death of their alleged speaker, with no actual or verifiable source for confirmation, were used by Christianity for several centuries, even till today, to justify and rationalize the accumulation of vast wealth, property, and power from those that were then oppressed into a servile and miserable life by the same group of controlling persons and institutions that taught the meaning of those words.

    Suffer without complaint in this life, being moral and just as we define it for you, obeying and giving to your earthly ruler what he says is his and obeying and giving to your supernatural ruler what he says is his, and we'll promise you an unimaginably happy and glorious other life in a supernatural realm after your death.

    That is indeed a 'really moving passage'.
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  • Posted by 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    A favorite deception of the Objectivist is to cite that passage where Jesus says to "render unto Caesar what is Caesar's and unto God what is God's" as some dictum that humans are not entitled to their wages, the fruits of their labor. This is a misunderstanding of the passage. The Pharisees were trying to trick Jesus into a statement of rebellion against the Roman Empire. Taxes were onerous and it would have been tempting to reply that it would only be "fair" not to pay them to the oppressor of the Jewish people. That would only have given the Pharisees the direct evidence of sedition by which to hand over Jesus to Pilot for summary execution. As it is, Jesus turned this on them and essentially said that God's kingdom does not exist on a corporeal level, so do what you have to do to exist in the human world, but never forget that the life after this one is forever and how you live your life (what you give God) will count for more than the pittance of taxes you have to pay. It really is a moving passage when you understand the significance. Here, the very leaders of the people that Jesus was from was trying to create evidence to eliminate him because he challenged not the theology, but the hierarchy of the people of power. Jesus used the incident to teach that no matter how oppressed you are, no matter your circumstances, living a moral and just life will gain you entry to heaven.

    So, your statement is just based on a naïve understanding of scripture and a shallow analysis. You really should take a theology course, perhaps it would bring some light into your understanding of the world. I'm sure that Fr. Nielsen at St. Paul's would be happy to help you find one.
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  • Posted by 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    You keep going on about your refusal to accept that religion can be a philosophy, and then conveniently forget that the definition of philosophy (from Merriam-Webster) is: the study of ideas about knowledge, truth, THE NATURE AND MEANING OF LIFE, etc. If religion doesn't meet that definition, then we must be speaking different languages.
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  • Posted by 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    I do not proselytize, I debate. Just because you don't like the side of the debate that I present does not give you the right to say that I'm out to convert anyone. If, however, my arguments open some eyes and they decide to convert on their own, then I will have considered the investment in the debate to have been worth my while.
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  • Posted by Zenphamy 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    CircuitGuy, No, my point is that regardless of what Christianity (or any other of the 4,899 religions) has to say about wealth and the acquisition of wealth, any statement such as: "Oftentimes there are those who claim that religion is evil in that it decries money or the making of money, and claim that the essence of religion (or at least Christianity, but then if it is merely Christianity, what is the objection to other religions?) is altruism." and then inferring by inclusion that Objectivist define religion in general or Christianity in particular as evil because of a supposed antagonism to altruism is a fallacy of argument.

    Then to include an argument based on interpretations of some selected biblical text stating that if you don't serve god - then "or you can serve money, which means to do whatever it takes to get ahead - lying, thievery, murder, etc." is more than a fallacy - it's ridiculous and it's proselytizing.

    By making such comparisons, fallacies, and extremist statements, one has gone far beyond the reaches of Objectivist Philosophy, maybe beyond any philosophy. One may call it philosophy or a philosophical discussion if they wish, but only if talking to themselves. Such word-smithing is at best totally illogical and completely mis-states any Objectivist thinking that I'm aware of.

    AR talked about on one hand, the evils of an altruistic society put forth by progressive socialists to a population that gullibly bought off much of their reasoning based on having had a true philosophical education or study, replaced by the precepts of a religion (Christianity) that seemed to glorify such goals in not only the society, but also in the individual.

    On the other hand, she talked about a reasoned, rational, and logical approach to an analysis of an entirely separate topic - religion, concerned with man being ruled by a supernatural entity with all right things to come after death in some other supernatural realm - therefor not requiring a self determined philosophy of life and mind.

    As a separate issue, she talked of money - a store of value used by people in the interactions of trading and as a store of excess production garnered by individuals producing through the efforts of their own minds pursuing their own happiness. I'm not aware of any Objectivist thinker that would agree to or think rational a statement concerning 'to do whatever it takes to get ahead - lying, thievery, murder, etc.'

    I guess, in a more direct answer to your question, what my point about what Christianity has to say about wealth is best answered by Jesus in his statement of 'Give unto Caeser what is Caeser's and give unto God, what is God's'. That's not a religious question, it' a religious dictate that leaves nothing for the individual that has earned the wealth in the first place.

    In the second place, I don't accept that one can have a philosophy based on religion, since one has to do with knowledge, reality, and existence and the other has to do with beliefs of the supernatural. How one views things within the context of the supernatural has no philosophic consequence or merit by definition. While one may very well have a wish that his beliefs of the supernatural can be structured in such a way as to be comparable to philosophical study, wishes, beliefs, the supernatural, and superstitions can't be shoehorned into any rigorous philosophy regardless of whether some action derived from either compares to the other. It's an absurdity.
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  • Posted by dbhalling 12 years, 1 month ago
    Robbie,

    I will not comment on Jesus or Rand points of view, but here is my thoughts on wealth.

    1) Only an irrational person would make wealth/money their major goal. The reason for pursuing money is to achieve some other goal, such as the ability to eat, the ability to acquire health care, the ability to provide housing and not just for today but the future. Note that wealth/money for many entrepreneurs is the goal of being able to pursue projects that they find fulfilling, e.g., a private spaceship that can take people to the moon, the ability to work on genetic engineering problems to solve cancer (because you are interested in the problem and your ability to solve it and not just on a theoretical level), etc. These entrepreneurs are not pursuing money/wealth they are acquiring the means to take on projects that they find fulfilling. Also for entrepreneurs money is a major and correct measure of whether they are achieving their objectives.

    That said higher standards of wealth are correlated with increased happiness, and objective measures of happiness including longer life spans, increased access to education, housing, travel, health care, etc.

    2) The purposeful avoidance of acquiring wealth/money is irrational. This is an attempt to avoid the reality that man has physical needs.

    3) The pursuit of wealth is rational and moral when it is part of a plan to achieve one’s goals. But everyone has physical needs that require money/wealth so everyone must pursue wealth in a moral manner.
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  • Posted by 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    God is that which created all that is and all that ever can be. Since the universe exists, that is ipso facto evidence of God, per my definition.

    P.S. Please don't try to trap me in the paradox nonsense that if God created all, how did God come into being. God has always existed and will always exist. God is not matter nor energy, so has no physical manifestation in any form that is conceivable to man. Of course, you will then say that since you cannot conceive of it, that you cannot test for it, nor measure it, that it cannot exist. That is the mystery and the glory of God. And of course, you will then decry this merely as mysticism. So be it. That is the refuge of the unbeliever.
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  • Posted by 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    All rational thoughts. And yet, we do have people who pursue great wealth as a means to great power to rule over their fellow man.

    Since the crux of the argument is incompatibility between objectivism and altruism as atheists want to cloak Christianity, perhaps you'd like to weigh in on that as well.
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  • Posted by dbhalling 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    Its not yours or gods to present. You failed to define god? or present physical evidence. What is god?
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  • Posted by Zenphamy 12 years, 1 month ago
    Sorry Robbie, I just don't accept that religion has anything to do with philosophy. I don't mean to come off as pedantic, but that is a conflation of topics and a mis-identification. This seems to be a common error made by those of a religious bent or an intentional conflation by some wishing to add gravitas to their discussion of their belief system. It's difficult to see how one can have an honest 'intellectual and rational' discussion until one is prepared to admit the conflation. Then, I suppose it would no longer be a 'philosophical discussion'.

    philosophy |fəˈläsəfē| noun
    the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, esp. when considered as an academic discipline. See also natural philosophy.

    Religion
    Religion is a set of variously organized beliefs about the relationship between natural and supernatural aspects of reality, and the role of humans in this relationship. While religion is difficult to define, one standard model of religion, used in religious studies courses, was proposed by Clifford Geertz, who simply called it a "cultural system" (Clifford Geertz, Religion as a Cultural System, 1973). A critique of Geertz's model by Talal Asad categorized religion as "an anthropological category." (Talal Asad, The Construction of Religion as an Anthropological Category, 1982).

    Conflation
    Conflation occurs when the identities of two or more individuals, concepts, or places, sharing some characteristics of one another, seem to be a single identity — the differences appear to become lost. In logic, it is the practice of treating two distinct concepts as if they were one, which produces errors or misunderstandings as a fusion of distinct subjects tends to obscure analysis of relationships which are emphasized by contrasts.
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  • Posted by CircuitGuy 12 years, 1 month ago
    I agree completely with this.

    I am not Christian, but my reading of the Christian Bible is not that it's opposed to wealth and people trading thing things they create with one another.

    1.Money is just a medium of exchange. It's not the same thing as wealth.
    2. It says the love of money is root of all evil, not money itself. Loving a medium of exchange does sound unhealthy to me. When Jesus says keep your treasures in heaven rather than on Earth, I don't he's literally saying to give away your wealth. He's saying wealth is less important than your spiritual philosophy. He's not asking people to relinquish their wealth. He's just saying it's not important to his cause.
    3. In a pre-industrial society, wealth was highly tied to land. There were many other goods and services. Having enough to eat and very basic shelter was a bigger share of the economy. If someone owned the land, he controlled the wealth, perhaps unfairly. In a post-industrial society, wealth is in services, artistic things like music and movies, and providing and experience. Using land to produce food is a smaller share of the economy. The authors of the Bible couldn't conceive of a world in which you could create value out of thin air by creating software.
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  • Posted by 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    And thank you for that. The topic is whether the philosophical approach to money/wealth espoused from a religious theology (specifically Christianity) is contradictory to that espoused by AR and Objectivism. I posit it is not. I also posit that AR got the teaching on altruism as espoused by the Catholic religion wrong.
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  • Posted by CircuitGuy 12 years, 1 month ago in reply to this comment.
    @Zenphamy: Is your point that the question of Christianity has to say about wealth is a religious question? What we think about wealth is philosophical question. For people with a philosophy based on religion, they're very similar, but they're completely different questions for others.
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