Time Line USA Part 4
1909 Income tax 16th Amendment Ratified by 40 of 49 State plus two states that rejected then voted for.
1912 Direct Election of Senators
1913-1921 Woodrow Wilson President First Socialist President.
1919 19th Amendment Women given franchise
1947 22nd AmendmentTerm Limits For Presidents
1950 Having sent military assistance to Greece against Communist insurgents Truman authorizes 15 million and 35 advisers to Republic of Viet Nam. The adviser system with some aid continued through the Eisenhower Administration.
1960 23rd Amendment District of Columbia given Electors (to the Electoral College)
1963 Kennedy assassinated after having ordered a withdrawal of advisers form Vietnam.Johnson reverses the order.
1965 Tonkin Gulf incident used by Congress to authorize Johnson to use any means necessary. Air Bombing of Vietnam and troop buildup begins.Later shown the incident was untrue.
ERA who voted for who voted against.
For those who remember how the Equal Rights Amendment was defeated in the 1970s thanks to die-hard Republican opposition, it may come as a surprise to realise how much women’s suffrage was a Republican achievement.
When the House of Representatives passed the 19th Amendment in May 1919 it did so by 304 votes to 89, with Democrats only 104 to 70 in favour but Republicans 200 to 19. In the Senate, Democrats were in favour only by 20 to 17 but the GOP voted for it by 36 to 8.
The essential reason was race.
In 1920: The Year of the Six Presidents (2007), David Pietrusza describes how Woodrow Wilson and other leading Democrats, having realised that the Republicans were determined to force the amendment through, decided to reverse their earlier opposition and go along – after all, they would soon have to face a partly female electorate. But such pragmatism was bitterly opposed in the South. Senator Flynt of Georgia pointed out that the northern suffragette leaders were associates of those ‘who sought to put the black heel on the white neck and place the Southern Negro in power’.
Once it had been passed by Congress, the amendment had to be ratified by three-quarters of the 48 states. Of the 36, 27 were Republican and two were non-partisan.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Great Seal of the United States
Long title An act to enforce the constitutional right to vote, to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States of America to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations, to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education, to extend the Commission on Civil Rights, to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs, to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity, and for other purposes.
Enacted by the 88th United States Congress
Effective July 2, 1964
Citations
Public Law 88-352
Statutes at Large 78 Stat. 241
Codification
Titles amended 42
Legislative history
Introduced in the House as H.R. 7152 by Emanuel Celler (D–NY) on June 20, 1963
Committee consideration by Judiciary
Passed the House on February 10, 1964[1] (290–130)
Passed the Senate on June 19, 1964[2] (73–27) with amendment
House agreed to Senate amendment on July 2, 1964[3] (289–126)
Signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson
Totals are in "Yea–Nay" format:
The original House version: 290–130 (69–31%).
Cloture in the Senate: 71–29 (71–29%).
The Senate version: 73–27 (73–27%).
The Senate version, as voted on by the House: 289–126 (70–30%).
By party[edit]
The original House version:[20]
Democratic Party: 152–96 (61–39%)
Republican Party: 138–34 (80–20%)
Cloture in the Senate:[21]
Democratic Party: 44–23 (66–34%)
Republican Party: 27–6 (82–18%)
The Senate version:[20]
Democratic Party: 46–21 (69–31%)
Republican Party: 27–6 (82–18%)
The Senate version, voted on by the House:[20]
Democratic Party: 153–91 (63–37%)
Republican Party: 136–35 (80–20%)
1964 - Civil Rights Act of 1964 -- Title VII prohibits employment discrimination based on race, sex, national origin, or religion. Title VI prohibits public access discrimination, leading to school desegregation. Title VIII is the original "federal fair housing law," later amended in 1988.
1991 - Civil Rights Act of 1991 -- adds provisions to Title VII protections, including right to jury trial.
What do all of these have in common? Heavy or full support by Republicans who were anti-slavery and pro union. With some exceptions. Opposition by Democrats who were either pro slavery or partially so with only a few of the Northern Democrats agreeing with the Republicans are the common factor. Things change although on these points Reublicans continued through the sixties to support civil rights while Democrats continued to oppose.
Democrats claim they are not the same party now as then although they supported suspension of the Constitution by failure to change by amending, ignoring, and other methods in WWII, Vietnam War, and the War on Terror after voting to send troops to war. The suspension of civil rights is still in existence and may be found in the Patriot Act. The only change is they have been joined by the Republicans.
Thus ends a Republic.
1912 Direct Election of Senators
1913-1921 Woodrow Wilson President First Socialist President.
1919 19th Amendment Women given franchise
1947 22nd AmendmentTerm Limits For Presidents
1950 Having sent military assistance to Greece against Communist insurgents Truman authorizes 15 million and 35 advisers to Republic of Viet Nam. The adviser system with some aid continued through the Eisenhower Administration.
1960 23rd Amendment District of Columbia given Electors (to the Electoral College)
1963 Kennedy assassinated after having ordered a withdrawal of advisers form Vietnam.Johnson reverses the order.
1965 Tonkin Gulf incident used by Congress to authorize Johnson to use any means necessary. Air Bombing of Vietnam and troop buildup begins.Later shown the incident was untrue.
ERA who voted for who voted against.
For those who remember how the Equal Rights Amendment was defeated in the 1970s thanks to die-hard Republican opposition, it may come as a surprise to realise how much women’s suffrage was a Republican achievement.
When the House of Representatives passed the 19th Amendment in May 1919 it did so by 304 votes to 89, with Democrats only 104 to 70 in favour but Republicans 200 to 19. In the Senate, Democrats were in favour only by 20 to 17 but the GOP voted for it by 36 to 8.
The essential reason was race.
In 1920: The Year of the Six Presidents (2007), David Pietrusza describes how Woodrow Wilson and other leading Democrats, having realised that the Republicans were determined to force the amendment through, decided to reverse their earlier opposition and go along – after all, they would soon have to face a partly female electorate. But such pragmatism was bitterly opposed in the South. Senator Flynt of Georgia pointed out that the northern suffragette leaders were associates of those ‘who sought to put the black heel on the white neck and place the Southern Negro in power’.
Once it had been passed by Congress, the amendment had to be ratified by three-quarters of the 48 states. Of the 36, 27 were Republican and two were non-partisan.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Great Seal of the United States
Long title An act to enforce the constitutional right to vote, to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States of America to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations, to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education, to extend the Commission on Civil Rights, to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs, to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity, and for other purposes.
Enacted by the 88th United States Congress
Effective July 2, 1964
Citations
Public Law 88-352
Statutes at Large 78 Stat. 241
Codification
Titles amended 42
Legislative history
Introduced in the House as H.R. 7152 by Emanuel Celler (D–NY) on June 20, 1963
Committee consideration by Judiciary
Passed the House on February 10, 1964[1] (290–130)
Passed the Senate on June 19, 1964[2] (73–27) with amendment
House agreed to Senate amendment on July 2, 1964[3] (289–126)
Signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson
Totals are in "Yea–Nay" format:
The original House version: 290–130 (69–31%).
Cloture in the Senate: 71–29 (71–29%).
The Senate version: 73–27 (73–27%).
The Senate version, as voted on by the House: 289–126 (70–30%).
By party[edit]
The original House version:[20]
Democratic Party: 152–96 (61–39%)
Republican Party: 138–34 (80–20%)
Cloture in the Senate:[21]
Democratic Party: 44–23 (66–34%)
Republican Party: 27–6 (82–18%)
The Senate version:[20]
Democratic Party: 46–21 (69–31%)
Republican Party: 27–6 (82–18%)
The Senate version, voted on by the House:[20]
Democratic Party: 153–91 (63–37%)
Republican Party: 136–35 (80–20%)
1964 - Civil Rights Act of 1964 -- Title VII prohibits employment discrimination based on race, sex, national origin, or religion. Title VI prohibits public access discrimination, leading to school desegregation. Title VIII is the original "federal fair housing law," later amended in 1988.
1991 - Civil Rights Act of 1991 -- adds provisions to Title VII protections, including right to jury trial.
What do all of these have in common? Heavy or full support by Republicans who were anti-slavery and pro union. With some exceptions. Opposition by Democrats who were either pro slavery or partially so with only a few of the Northern Democrats agreeing with the Republicans are the common factor. Things change although on these points Reublicans continued through the sixties to support civil rights while Democrats continued to oppose.
Democrats claim they are not the same party now as then although they supported suspension of the Constitution by failure to change by amending, ignoring, and other methods in WWII, Vietnam War, and the War on Terror after voting to send troops to war. The suspension of civil rights is still in existence and may be found in the Patriot Act. The only change is they have been joined by the Republicans.
Thus ends a Republic.
