Supervolcano that caused largest eruption in European history stirring again
Ouch! It appears the Italians have their own version of Yellowstone...and it seems a lot more volatile...
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Seriously, though these things are pretty fascinating. Part of what makes the Naples one dangerous is its proximity to water, which when combined with rapidly rising and cooling magma leads to very violent explosions due to outgassing.
Yellowstone last blew it's mass about 600,000 years ago, similar to the Long Valley caldera eruption that left the thick Bishop welded ash flow tuff in Eastern California. However humans have experienced these global catastrophes and have survived. Just barely. Current thinking based upon the emerging DNA analysis techniques estimates that a severe human genetic bottleneck occurred after the Mount Toba, Sumatra eruption about 73,000 years ago. Humans almost went extinct. They estimate that the total human global population may have been less than 10,000 individuals, mainly in Africa.
Within the time span of the human population explosion and the development of "civilization", we have not experienced one of these. However, what has been experienced historically such as Tambora, Thera, Pompeii, Krakatoa, Mazama, etc, and their effects on climate and humans makes the prospect of a true supervolcano rather daunting.
And with some of the population centers of today, this Italian caldera could be incredibly devastating.
This work is very detailed and admirably distills the state of knowledge to the interested layman of the development of human cultures and migrations.
It is by Jean Manco in a work called Ancestral Journeys "The Peopling of Europe from the first Venturers to the Vikings". An incredible tapestry of the ebb and flow of human groups across Africa, Europe and Asia. Integrating the study of languages, the archaeological records, the DNA of humans both modern and ancient; I am astounded at what multi-disciplinary science actually knows. And how rapidly it is evolving and refining. The first edition of this book was in 2013 and had to be updated in 2015.
Volcanoes are rated on a scale. The Vei scale Volcanic Explosivity Index similar to the richter scale it increases ten fold each number It is based on material ejected.
for Example a VEI 8 ejects 240 kilometers of material. VEI 7 , 24 kilometers VEI 6 , 2.4kilometers. And Mt. St.Helens was a VEI 5
It's a cycle that seems always to come around when they start to act up again...that'll teach em!
Not nice to screw with mother nature...nor the physical and quantum laws of existence.
Hoping no lives lost if it erupts big time.
but wasn't sure how much stock to put into it.
Western societies have abandon the natural cycles thinking they could linearize and concur them...fat chance.
Look up the Maunder Minimum, dryer minimum etc...two great places to learn about these cycles is http://suspicious0bservers.org and adapt 2030 on youtube - David is incredible at what he does.