Tiny membrane makes Sydney Harbour "drinkable"
Now this, if it works as advertised, seems almost on par with John Gaults motor. If it can reject salt, then you could use this in industrial sized plants and make a boatload of clean water. This seems pretty wild for such simple processes rendered b a new design.
Bring back original coca cola with sugar and un-floridated Atlanta water!
Have you tried out the Tassie wines yet? They had some good ones when I visited 20 years ago, and the Tassie people are the nicest I have ever met. Wine taxes are lower than other alcoholic beverages, too.
But Tassie has the weakest economy in Australia. Less appealing weather I suspect has an effect.
The high prices you are experiencing are more obvious to you now than they were in much of the past 30 years because the USD has lost so much value compared to the AUD. (It was even worse 5 years ago when gold was higher and the AUD was worth more than the USD.) Australia was relatively cheap for Americans in the 80's and 90's; not any more.
You have to realize that providing the same services for only 22 million people in a place the size of the continental 48 states is going to be higher per capita than for 300 million people. America has economies of scale that Oz does not have, and Tassie, as an island, has a geographical disadvantage, too.
I think it's as you originally implied: Government stealing all they can manage, not puritanism. Aussies are anything but Puritans. There is even a Sex Political Party ;^)
However, that doesn't mean that many aren't socialists, they are. That is the main thing I have against Australians (and 50% of Americans, and 99% of American politicians.)
The question, as always, is economic feasibility. Is this method with graphene cheaper than existing methods, based on reverse osmosis or any other existing methodology.
But in contrast to the unproductive State Science Institute, CSIRO has been known for numerous inventions over the years, one of the most famous of which is the underlying technology enabling computer WiFi networking.
Seems simple...hope it pans out...of course the environ[mental]ist will insist on adding floride and other poisons...
The space elevator that is being talked about would use a graphene ribbon as a tether - satellite placed in geostationary orbit, graphene tether connects the satellite to the earth (not sure how much foundation would be needed for that!) and a vehicle travels back & forth on the ribbon to the satellite/station at the other end. To/from orbit with very little fuel expended.
"Our graphene membrane enables 100% salt rejection as well as 100% rejection of household contaminants such as detergents and oil without fouling which was tested for over many days."
Like I said above, IF (a big if) it can reject salt it has a huge potential especially in water poor but ocean rich areas. I assume they have some reverse flush system that would regenerate it, but didn't see how that works.
As far as toxicity, here is what I found
2012:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
2014:
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/...
It seems it is not considered toxic, in fact they say several applications for drug delivery and removal systems for internal use.
Only five studies reported biodistribution and toxicity of graphene oxide following intravenous and intratracheal injection in mice (Table 3). Wang et al. (2011) divided thirty Kun Ming mice into three test groups (low, middle, high dose) and one control group. Test groups were injected intravenously with 0.1, 0.25, and 0.4 mg graphene oxides, respectively. Graphene oxide under low dose (0.1 mg) and middle dose (0.25 mg) did not exhibit visible toxicity to mice and under high dose (0.4 mg) exhibited chronic toxicity (4 out of 9 mice died). At a dose of 0.4 mg graphene oxide caused granuloma formation, in the kidneys, lungs, liver, spleen, and could not be cleaned by kidney. At a dose of 0.4 mg graphene oxide was not filtrated by the kidneys.
Table 3
Table 3
Summary of the graphene family materials in vivo toxicity
Similar results were obtained by Zhang et al. (2011) who investigated the distribution and biocompatibility of graphene oxide in Kun Ming mice. The use of radiotracer technique revealed high uptake and long term retention of graphene oxide in the lungs as well as a relatively long blood circulation time. No significant pathological changes in all the examined organs were observed following the exposure to 1 mg kg−1 of graphene oxide for 14 days. However, 10-fold increase of the dose led to forming significant pathological changes. Following the exposure to 10 mg kg−1 body weight of graphene oxide for 14 days, authors observed significant pathological changes, such as inflammation, cell infiltration, pulmonary edema, and granuloma formation in the lungs of mice.
Couldn't get much (without paying) from the 2014 study.
Even though, most low dose had minimal interactions, high doses did resulting in death (mice and human cell De-coheasion...so my take is even if the exposure is low and even with the reduced graphene, "It would be cumulative".
https://theacropolisnow.wordpress.com...
Most pharmaceutical companies won’t invest in this type of treatment because there’s no patent protection for Antabuse. The drug is already FDA approved and has been in the market for over 60 years. But if Bartek’s pending trials prove to be successful, Antabuse can be prescribed as an inexpensive addition to traditional anti-cancer therapies, giving oncologists the chance to land two hits for the price of one.
Heres another take on the question:
https://www.sott.net/article/228583-S...
I'm sorry, but my take is the FDA is corrupt, and the drug industry owns medical treatments, and is designed to only milk the patient of as much as possible before they die. Just my interpretation of the data I have run into the last 20 years. My personal experience was a doctor wanting me to take blood pressure medicine, and HDL reducer, I found a natural supplement that has reduced both.
I just don't get it, although I understand the mindless set right down to the cellular level. Why not cure one thing at a time, then move on to the next.
When a business is started to solve a problem one should aim to put one's self out of business in regards to that problem.
There always problems to solve, so why the corrupt bullcrap!
That doesn't happen anymore. Instead, they hire, "professional" CEO's, CFO's...they know nothing of the businesses they run nor the people that make it work, make it profitable, people that gave the business a life of it's own.
All they know is contacts, influence and a perpetuation of business... not the creation of new business.
They suck it dry and move on to destroy the next business.
https://www.yahoo.com/finance/news/in...