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  • Posted by $ Maphesdus 12 years, 7 months ago
    Thomas Edison used fear and intimidation to try and suppress arch-rivals Nikola Tesla and George Westinghouse in the War of Currents in the late 1880s.

    John D. Rockefeller, the founder of the Standard Oil Company, also used less than admirable tactics in subverting his competition and obtained the first U.S. business trust, giving him a government enforced monopoly of the entire oil industry, allowing him to drive oil prices as high as he liked at the expense of the American public.
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    • Posted by CircuitGuy 12 years, 7 months ago
      What did Edison do to intimidate his rivals? Edison was one of the most amazing electrical engineers of all time. He didn't necessarily invent new technologies but he worked doggedly to perfect them while at the same time marketing them well (i.e. introducing them to people who might want them). He understood marketing despite being at least as aspie as the typical EE. His Menlo Park lab didn't have employees as we have them. It was more like an elite hackerspace where only brilliant electrical engineers could work. If they developed something that turned out to be profitable, they would get a cut. They didn't get paid for showing up. It had huge windows to provide light because ironically lamps were not reliable before he came along.

      Telsa was amazing in a different way. He made circuits that I do not understand how to analyze, so I cannot explain why they work. My colleague built a Tesla coil and show it to me. I don't think he understood it in terms of formal circuit analysis. I get the idea it was more of an art for him.

      These are some amazing engineers who made the modern world possible. Whom did Edison use force on besides the elephant he electrocuted?
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      • Posted by $ Maphesdus 12 years, 7 months ago
        I never said Edison used force. I said he used fear and intimidation. Edison was deeply invested in the direct current (DC) system, and used fear-mongering to try and scare the public into thinking that the alternating current (AC) system, which was invented by Tesla and funded by Westinghouse, was a danger to the public.

        Edison's tactics included the frequent killing of "stray" dogs via electrocution, the killing of Topsy the elephant at Coney Island (which was filmed), and even the first electrical execution of a criminal (William Kemmler) using the newly invented electric chair. Edison used these events (all of which he helped mastermind) to create anti-AC propaganda, telling the press that only DC electricity was safe for public use.

        After losing bids for contracts to Telsa and Westinghouse, Edison printed numerous pamphlets which he sent to journalists and lighting utilities companies that were considering purchasing equipment from Tesla, claiming that Tesla's inventions violated his patents, and Edison threatened that as soon as the patent infringement cases had settled, any company that had purchased Tesla's equipment would find themselves without a supplier.

        If you want more detail about the feud between Tesla and Edison, as well as an intricate look at the immoral tactics used by Edison, there's an excellent book about Tesla's life that I highly recommend:

        "Tesla: The Wizard of Electricity," by David J. Kent
        http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/tesla-da...

        There's also a fascinating documentary by the Discovery Channel titled "The Unknown Genius of Nikola Tesla," which you can watch here:
        http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dpn33EunG...
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        • Posted by CircuitGuy 12 years, 7 months ago
          These guys were the original circuit guys. :)

          Thanks for the link.. I'm listening to the documentary on and off when I have a chance in the background at work. The beginning sounded like the intro to a pseudoscience show about UFOs, but the first 10 minutes was good-- not woo-woo.
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        • Posted by ObjectiveAnalyst 12 years, 7 months ago
          Mephesdus, Rozar,

          Good exchange.

          I have been reading this thread with some interest also. One thing that I think is also important to keep in mind is that the market works eventually and restrains even these moguls unless the government interferes with or hampers the cycle (and always has to varying degree). For instance: Rockefeller's oil and pipelines hurt Vanderbilt's rail business. Edison's electric light-bulb was what beat down Rockefeller's virtual kerosene monopoly for lighting, after his kerosene production destroyed the whale oil market and probably saved several species from extinction. After that Edison was knocked down a few rungs by Westinghouse and Tesla... Creative destruction works. Rozar said “We just need to remember that we fight things of this nature by limiting the governments ability to act on behalf of a business." Well, yes, but we don't always need the government to step in and make it hard on businesses because we fear a monopoly either. In fact government should stay out of businesses business, unless a case can be brought of criminal activity (collusion, bribery, injury, etc.). It should act to protect start-ups and foster competition for those large companies but it doesn't (I don't mean offering seed money [Solyndra!]). More often than not the unintended consequences of government action end up making/picking winners and losers and almost always the consumers are among the losers. The cronyism, patronage, and buying of politicians is an example of the wrong way to run a government or a market economy. There will always be unscrupulous men who want to get ahead not by competing, but by government assistance, though it may be brought about as easily by punishing the competition as by rewarding the crony for his donations with contracts or favorable laws. Naturally, there will always be some unscrupulous men in office all too happy to take a kickback and interfere in the market using any artifice they can imagine and package for the "greater good", (often with taxpayer money) when in fact they mean their own good. We should expect more from our politicians since we get to screen them and hire them than we do from the businessman, however the slant always seems to favor and excuse the politician while blaming the businessman. The politician has the advantage; he has the power and the means to use the force of law, and often the ear of the media. The greatest threat is not the robber baron but the politician who facilitates him. This in no way is an excuse for the excesses or unscrupulous tactics of some of the so called “robber barons”.
          Respectfully,
          O.A.
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        • Posted by khalling 12 years, 7 months ago
          I was going to jump in this conversation, but you guys both covered what I was going to say.
          The only thing I'd add is this wasn't exactly a one was bad the other good kind of thing. They both let their ego get in the way of both science and invention. for instance, many of Tesla's later inventions were based on dubious science. For example the harmonics stuff is dubious. Lighting at a distance. The idea he beat Marconi at wireless communication is dubious, although I am not sure he personally made that claim-but his supporters have.
          I think that what causes the most harm is when the enterprise uses legislation to their advantage. Jobs was definitely guilty of this as was Gates in lobbying for laws that make it more difficult of the small inventor to succeed. . Carnegie and Rockefeller were guilty/hypocritical of manipulating tariffs to their advantage and the disadvantage of competitors. Those areas are where the most damage can be done.
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  • Posted by Hiraghm 12 years, 7 months ago
    "Individuals don’t win;
    "teams do. Wal-Mart is just a spectacular example of what happens when people find a way to work together – where almost four hundred thousand people have come together as a group like this, with a real feeling of partnership, and have been able, for the most part,
    "to put the needs of their individual egos behind the needs of their team."
    Sam Walton

    There's a "businessman" for you. A guy who learned his business ethic from Japan, Inc, I would guess.

    I'm not damning all businessmen. I'm just pointing out that not all businessmen are traders.
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  • Posted by Hiraghm 12 years, 7 months ago
    I call BS.
    Only because there's a track record of the Orrin Boyles and James Taggarts in the business world (coughSteveJobscoughBillGates)
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    • Posted by Rocky_Road 12 years, 7 months ago
      Why demonize Jobs, or Gates?

      Can you picture just how many jobs these two created?

      Or the wealth for their investors?

      Or the sideline businesses that support their products?
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      • Posted by Hiraghm 12 years, 7 months ago
        I'm not "demonizing" anybody. I'm referring to their business practices, which, like Walmart, were closer to Taggart and Boyle than to Rearden.

        I wonder how many jobs would have been created had superior technologies been allowed to prosper but for their "pull" with government and existing industry insiders (IBM, for example).


        There are many myths abounding in the modern world (Jap cars were actually superior in the 70s, illegal aliens are decent, hard-working folk, etc) and among them is the idea that there was just Microsoft and Apple, and everything they did was superior to the competition, which is demonstrably false.

        Rand's philosophy asserts, as I understand it, that free market competition will bring about superior products, yet that *hasn't* been the case in the OS/personal computer field.

        And, with the unbridled success of iToys and the emergence of Windows 8, the decades old goal of these two nears fruition...
        http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CtjhWhw2...
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        • Posted by LionelHutz 12 years, 7 months ago
          I feel there are many in business who thrive on competition in the early days, arrive at the front of the pack, and then lose their interest in the competition that comes about from continuous improvement to maintain their lead. They instead seek to maintain their position by political pull and other various tactics. They may still be in business, but they are not the "businessman" that Rand is talking about anymore.
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          • Posted by $ nickursis 12 years, 7 months ago
            Exactly. is it any wonder the Supreme Court decided that Corporations have the same "rights" as individuals, and as such could contribute to them? That basically legalized pay for play. It may also be part of the reason we are where we are politically today, since the various corporations staked out their "players" and have pitted them against each other. I am not sure they are too happy with the result. It would be interesting to see if Meat packers support Democrats, and Firearms makers support Republicans etc.....
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            • Posted by khalling 12 years, 7 months ago
              I do not agree. The problem in politics is not the money given to politicians. It's the money politicians steal from private citizens and give to their cronies. That is not the fault of the donor, even if that's the donor's intention. The amount of money donated is always proportional to the amount of money the government spends.
              I have a post on this in here-but I can't find it. Here is a link to my husband's blogpost :
              http://hallingblog.com/corporations-have...
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        • Posted by Rocky_Road 12 years, 7 months ago
          Have you ever considered that a real life Rearden doesn't exist?

          And that Bill Gates could be as close as it gets?

          Gates has made many middle class folks millionaires, including one of his early secretaries. Not to mention that he gives virtual fortunes to charities....
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          • Posted by $ nickursis 12 years, 7 months ago
            I would disagree with you, there are real life Reardons. There is a woman who started a medical company in her parents basement, with a revolutionary new way to do blood tests. She got a few bucks from some start up investors and today her company has already grossed many millions and is rocketing. I read an article on her and it was fantastic, she can take a small sample of blood and do a gobslob of tests with it, with incredible accuarcy, and for 30% or so of what labs are charging. I will try to find the article and post it. But they ARE out there, but just like the Reardon character, she cares nothing for fame or money, she is actually into seeing her success.
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            • Posted by Rocky_Road 12 years, 7 months ago
              And she differs from Bill Gates, how?

              Did she start in a smaller basement than Gates?

              Is she not living 'large', regardless how she views profits?

              Has she donated her discoveries to mankind?
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              • Posted by Hiraghm 12 years, 7 months ago
                Gates didn't start in a basement. He quit Harvard to start Microsoft. He bought the basis of MS-DOS with money borrowed from his would-be client. MS was always the last to develop innovations, stealing from other OSes, other systems and even software developers.

                Gates was always all about the money. And he's a leftist progressive.
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                • Posted by LionelHutz 12 years, 7 months ago
                  You speak the truth. I think the Altair BASIC episode of his life soured him and established a belief that people would steal his work, so don't deal with them if you don't have to. A lot of how that company got run came out of this viewpoint. I totally side with Mr Gates on the BASIC matter. I think the man is quite competent and truly put out good work with Altair BASIC. He obviously didn't develop MS-DOS from the ground up - he acquired what was basically a CPM port and altered it to meet some IBM specifications. In other words, he sweat a lot developing Altair BASIC from the ground up and got paid basically nothing because people stole his product. He then borrowed on another existing technology and sold licensing agreements to companies, not end users, and was massively rewarded. That's the theme I see with him. Deny end-users choice in the matter and do your deals with companies that are more honorable when it comes to the matter of payment.
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              • Posted by $ nickursis 12 years, 7 months ago
                The point I was making was that there ARE real life Hank Reardons (people who create, innovate and produce). Your statement was " Have you ever considered that a real life Rearden doesn't exist". I am saying they do, and produced one. And no, I do not believe Bill Gates was a s close as it gets either, he had others helping him, and his innovations more often than not depended on things they, uh, er, borrowed from others. For instance, the GUI (visual interface with mouse) was not a MS creation, it was hijacked from Xerox. And why on earth would someone from the Gulch ask if she "donated" her discoveries to mankind? She has no requirement to donate anything to anyone unless she wants to. I also do not think she is "living large" she is in fact, a pretty damn good example of how it should be done. i wish I had her abilities, even 10% of what she's got. She is a great example of what can be done.
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                • Posted by Rocky_Road 12 years, 7 months ago
                  "Your statement was " Have you ever considered that a real life Rearden doesn't exist". I am saying they do, and produced one."

                  So did I...Bill Gates.

                  "And why on earth would someone from the Gulch ask if she "donated" her discoveries to mankind? She has no requirement to donate anything to anyone unless she wants to."

                  Maybe because you said this: "...she cares nothing for fame or money,"

                  As of now, nobody knows who you are even talking about...but we all know what Bill Gates has done, and returned to the people.

                  This all began with the dissing of Bill Gates.

                  Your mysterious Mother Theresa of blood testing may be all that you hope, but you haven't explained why Bill Gates is a demon.

                  Maybe because he isn't any such thing. And thousands (maybe millions) of people are thanking him for his value.
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                  • Posted by Hiraghm 12 years, 7 months ago
                    Bill Gates is no Hank Rearden!
                    Rearden is a self-made man; Gates was made by his daddy (a millionaire), IBM, and the U.S. government. Likewise, Jobs was made by the genius of Steve Wozniak, and the U.S. government.
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                  • Posted by $ nickursis 12 years, 7 months ago
                    Apparently you did not go look in the Economics section as I alluded to below, so here:
                    http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424.... You should go read it before you get too excited here.... The point is that despite all the supposed heroics, what we see as :business icons: do not necessarily rise to the character of a totally unblemished, wonderful person. A lot of times there is a lot of baggage and less than honorable actions that they, or their companies, have done to progress forward. I think the original premise here was that the picture was of Ayn Rand sating that the business man does good, and the politician does bad. There are other examples of how that is not necessarily true. There are a lot of businessmen today who are as much a politician as a businessman and politicians that are as much businessmen as politicians. There is no distinct line. Bill Gates has done his share of lobbying, contributing, and special interesting to advance MS interests, as well as Steve Jobs did. It is part of the framework we live in today.
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          • Posted by Hiraghm 12 years, 7 months ago
            Sure, he gave half his fortune away... to avoid taxes. Check out the charities he's created and the charities he chooses to support.

            If Gates is as close to a Rearden as it gets, then John Dillinger is as close to Batman as you can get.
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        • Posted by CircuitGuy 12 years, 7 months ago
          Have you read the Innovators Dilemma or Innovators Solution? These books talk about the cycle of commoditization and decomodiatiztion. When a technology is new, the components are integrated. As it matures and commoditizes, it becomes modular.

          I wonder if this is the case with OSs. Computers are appliances that can do many things. Embedded computers, say those that control the fuel/air mixture in an engine, are more reliable but only do one thing. Personal computers were a disruptive innovation, making computing accessible to a market for whom it was previously too complicated. The way to do that is with an OS tightly partnered with the uP vender (the Wintel alliance) and applications that are made by the same vender as the OS. This seems like the OS vender using its position anti-competitively to control the application market, but maybe it worked out that way b/c personal computers were a disruptive innovation (brought a technology to a new market) and benefited from more integration / less modularization.

          As you can tell I'm fuzzy on these concepts. I'm a tech expert trying to learn the business side. My main point is I'm not sure that Micro$oft's and Apple's success is owed as heavily to anti-competitive practices as it seems.
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          • Posted by khalling 12 years, 7 months ago
            anti-competitive is a loaded word-can you clarify your definition for us? If you are just talking about property rights to give an advantage-that is not anti-competitive that's good business. when they use govt to pass rules and regs to give them advantage that's anti-competitive. MS did probably commit fraud with some of their vendors, allowing them to come out with apps in advance of their vendors, giving them unfair advantage due to not living up to contractual obligations. Instead of a anti-trust lawsuit, it should have just been a fraud and breach of contract suits brought privately. Silicon Valley and app developers did not file for patents on their ideas in browser/OS debate. sooo-
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          • Posted by LionelHutz 12 years, 7 months ago
            Are you familiar with this?
            https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundling_o...

            The tie-in of OS to hardware has been around since the 1950s in large part due to computer languages not being in existence that could generically target various hardware platforms at high speed and the OS therefore being written in low-level, non-portable languages. The situation began improving in the 1970s, before the PC architecture as we know it existed. In the 1980s, it was absolutely possible to install something like Unix on hardware using the Intel 80x86 architecture, and Motorola 68000 architecture. In the face of this reality, Microsoft went an unethical direction, IMO.
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            • Posted by CircuitGuy 12 years, 7 months ago
              I agree. I am not a Microsoft fan. I was just saying it may not be purely anti-competitive. Your arguments are correct. I ran Linux in the 90s.

              I agree with nickursis's comments too.
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            • Posted by $ nickursis 12 years, 7 months ago
              Absolutely. MS thought they had such a stranglehold on the PC OS world they thought they could dictate the terms of the engagement. Anyone remember when the only browser that would work was IE on a windows system? If you wanted something else you got Netscape. It was bundling that led to the creation of Firefox, Linux and a bunch of Open Source software. MS paid for it in the great antitrust trials of the late 90's in both the US and Europe.
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              • Posted by LionelHutz 12 years, 7 months ago
                I remember it a bit differently. I remember once upon a time there was a little browser called Mosaic, which was eventually renamed Netscape. This program, like any other program in Windows, could be downloaded, tried, and uninstalled if one didn't like it. Even today, one can download, try, and uninstall Opera, Firefox, Chrome, etc. Microsoft entered the market after Mosaic/Netscape, but there were two little differences between their browser and everyone else's: namely it was preloaded with the OS (IMO, nothing wrong with that), and the absolute INABILITY to uninstall it (evil!) because they hooked this app so deep it into the internals, it really became part of the OS. Then I remember them developing a little app called Frontpage to compete with all of the other web page development tools. This app had "extensions" so that you had to host your web site on Microsoft web servers, and often times the content could only be viewed on Microsoft browsers. Keep in mind this was at the beginning of the internet information age and we were trying to develop around standards so PCs and Macs and Unix systems could all share the same content. Microsoft saw it as an opportunity: get the world developing content with Frontpage as this forces them to host the site on Microsoft servers, and likely forces the clients to be running Microsoft browsers running Microsoft operating systems.
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                • Posted by Hiraghm 12 years, 7 months ago
                  I remember before there was a Mosaic, I wrote a disk magazine interface for the Amiga. It worked very much like a modern browser, just limited to the data on the disks. I had to change the interface because it was concluded that ordinary users couldn't figure out that they needed to click on a picture or text to go to an article, so it became cluttered with ugly rectangular buttons.
                  (sigh)

                  Btw, I *still* come across pages that won't load except in IE...
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                  • Posted by LionelHutz 12 years, 7 months ago
                    Hey - another Amiga user! I ran the A2000 for many years. That architecture was so ahead of its time - developed by smart engineers working for a mostly clueless management. The VIC-20 and C64 taught me BASIC and Assembler. The Amiga taught me C and showed me what a good OS architecture looked like.
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                • Posted by $ nickursis 12 years, 7 months ago
                  You are correct. I was being a bit glossy, the point being as you detailed that the lack of common rules and standards meant things could be made to "only work with our stuff". Apple is a good example as well, they could only run their OS on specific chip designs, it wasn't until Core 2 Duo that they relented and ported for X86 officially. I have seen some really bizarre incantations and spells used to run previous stuff in a VM setting, but Core 2 was what got them out in the open.
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