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Freedom and Virtue

Posted by JohnBrown 10 years, 8 months ago to Philosophy
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Is a high degree of responsibility necessary for the people to live in freedom? Do the people have to be responsible, honest, and hard-working—in a word, virtuous—before they can handle freedom? It can be a chicken-and-egg argument, certainly. Do the people lose their virtue and then lose their liberty? Or, do they gradually lose their liberty and then lose their virtue, in proportion? The cause and effect is important, because it provides a clue about how best to restore freedom. If the former, then the people must be taught virtue again, presumably by the State. But this approach is hopeless and absurd. Or, the people might somehow be drawn again to religion and absorb the moral teachings therein.

To suppose that any form of government will secure liberty or happiness without any virtue in the people, is a chimerical idea.
—James Madison

In any case, if the people lose their virtue and then lose their freedom, there would need to be a moral revival before we could return to freedom. But if the people lose their liberty and then their virtue, the approach is more straightforward: set them free. When people are free to face the full consequences of making poor or immoral choices; when sloth, greed, envy, lying, cheating, stealing, unreliability, and broken promises have real social and economic consequences, they will be induced to become more virtuous. When the State penalizes saving and investment, when it taxes incomes and wealth away, and when it provides unearned benefits for free, it not only discourages positive, productive behavior, it rewards bad character at the same time. It subsidizes bad behavior.

To reward responsibility and penalize irresponsibility, we don't need a moral revival first. Just set everyone free. Let people make mistakes, let them live by their own choices. Let them learn, let them experiment, let them cooperate. Wards of the State are not self-reliant, competent, independent individuals. In freedom, individuals build good character. In freedom, relationships are strengthened; societies become more virtuous. Harry Browne wrote an article on this topic that addresses the issue quite well.



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  • Posted by khalling 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    agreements which are not enforceable are nonsense. agreements which are enforceable mean you have a form of government. Ayn Rand, the most significant philosopher of the 20th century, showed property rights are based in Reason. Anarchists want to focus on pragmatism without philosophically deriving that property rights come from owning oneself. Without those foundations, the whole theory of NAP is not consistent with property rights. NAP is the RESULT of property rights not the cause.
    "Your comments are so full of assumptions and personal opinions that I don’t know where to begin. But let me try to deal with just a couple of them."
    SHOW me do not LABEL me. I quoted Ayn Rand. You want to shunt me to a website. That's a bit propagandist. People come of their own free will to this site to learn more about Ayn Rand's ideas. You are using this site to springboard to push your propaganda. I'm challenging you to offer your OWN thoughts and and reasoning to the posts here or make your own. shunting people to a FB page continuously shows that you have no interest int eh ideas of AR
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  • Posted by helidrvr 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    In a state of anarchy, ALL variants of property rights are a matter of restrictive covenants voluntarily entered into between the parties involved. Other than that, please refer to my comments above and to www.tolfa.us for more.
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  • Posted by helidrvr 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    Your comments are so full of assumptions and personal opinions that I don’t know where to begin. But let me try to deal with just a couple of them.

    >> Anarchy, as a political concept, is a naive floating abstraction; <<
    Of course it is. Why? Because it is NOT a political concept. Anarchy is a state of nature. For something to be a political concept, it must be a concept of government, the absolute opposite of anarchy. So anarchy as a political concept is not only a floating abstraction, it is complete and utter nonsense.

    >> a society without an organized government would be at the mercy of the first criminal who came along <<
    You appear to be making a rather startling assumption. Where do you get the idea that in anarchy people will somehow remain unarmed and incapable of self defense, incapable of evolving market driven arbitration and dispute settlement mechanisms and more. What silly assumptions.

    There is much more, but I just don’t have the time to regurgitate the same tired old minarchist platitudes. I have read ALL of Ayn Rand’s work and intensively studied much of it. Have you read even one chapter of “The Online Freedom Academy” found at http://www.tolfa.us? Or are you just making assumptions about its content? If you wish to argue specifics of the tolfa.us curriculum after studying it, I’ll be happy to oblige. Until then, “Ciao”.
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  • Posted by khalling 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    no, just expressing fact. It's important to distinguish the two on this site, many are new to the philosophy of Objectivism here. Please start a post and discuss it. I'd like your opinion along with the link.
    "Anarchy, as a political concept, is a naive floating abstraction: . . . a society without an organized government would be at the mercy of the first criminal who came along and who would precipitate it into the chaos of gang warfare. But the possibility of human immorality is not the only objection to anarchy: even a society whose every member were fully rational and faultlessly moral, could not function in a state of anarchy; it is the need of objective laws and of an arbiter for honest disagreements among men that necessitates the establishment of a government." AR, The Virtue of Selfishness
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  • Posted by khalling 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    "an introductory course in anarchcology"
    whatever anarchology means
    anarchists come in all stripes. they come from a socialist point of view to a Rothbard point of view. How can they be for property rights, because they don't ultimately support enforcement. I know this well. I argue with them all the time about intellectual property rights.
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  • Posted by helidrvr 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    From the tone of your post, you seem to consider yourself the voice of objectivism. So pray tell, how does objectivism define anarchism, which you say it is against.
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  • Posted by helidrvr 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    Are you objecting to sharing this short essay about "Freedom and Virtue" with any people who are not declared objectivists?
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  • Posted by helidrvr 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    Last time I checked, property rights are something supported with equal vigor by objectivists and anarchists. What am I missing here? Oh, and while we''re on the subject, the FB tolfa group does not "support" anarchism, it is dedicated to studying it and objectivism among many "freedom" philosophies.
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  • Posted by khalling 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    This site supports anarchism. Objectivism is against anarchy. It is a strong supporter of property rights.
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  • Posted by johnpe1 10 years, 8 months ago
    I would suggest that the probability that *a virtuous
    people would beget a free society* is about 50%,,,

    and that *a free people would beget a virtuous
    society* is about 10%;;;;;

    thus, we should value our virtue as we sustain freedom,
    for freedom -- at any cost -- is an illusion like the utopia
    sought by the left. -- j

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  • Posted by khalling 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    Although I live in a country with many laws and endless regulations on some things, I enjoy an incredible amount of de facto freedom. People setting up little food stands or gift shops along the streets, bike helmets few and far between, people piled in the back of pickups, goods unaccompanied by lengthy warnings on the packages, relatively few liability lawsuits, don't get me started on chicken parts sold in open bins, the police so bored they are the school crossing guards, no police DUI checkpoints, etc. um, the people aren't falling dead in the street, mayhem doesn't ensue across communities. There is violence not that far away, mostly due the US's obsession with drug trade due primarily to a War on Drugs which makes trafficking of them highly profitable for violent and evil thugs.
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  • Posted by khalling 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    you must have a strong system of property rights in place. Even with the end of the civil war, those blacks who remained in the south continued to struggle because the enforcement mechanisms were not working for them. I point out after Apartheid the socialist system in place encouraged the people to not respect property rights. Most blacks were in a better economic place before its removal. The police were just as bad after as before-maybe worse under Mandela. In the US slaves were better treated than the immigrants from Ireland and elsewhere who were indentured or sharecropping. You go from some stability to no stability. It is disruptive and you have to have a way to seek economic stability. But I don't think people are just mob rule mentality in general. I think if they see opportunities to better themselves they go for them. If they see property is protected they behave less chaotically. I do think education (ability to read) helps in this regard. It's how you mentor, learn about philosophers, find others who think like you think-or if they don't why not?
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  • Posted by $ jbrenner 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    The only country I can think of that was liberated that has proven worthy of such effort is South Korea.
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  • Posted by $ jbrenner 10 years, 8 months ago
    Whether or not you liked George W. Bush, his mistaken presumption in both Afghanistan and in Iraq was that a liberated people would be capable of being taught how to become a culture worthy of America's considerable effort and treasure. Iraq and Afghanistan then proved that no matter how much money was thrown at them, they could not improve into a country worthy of doing commerce with. Money is the barometer of a society's virtue. - Francisco d'Anconia
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  • Posted by CircuitGuy 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    "And that is after years of the Fed started forcing ZIRP. "
    I didn't expect this to happen. I think it's deleveraging, but I really don't get it.
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  • Posted by Solver 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    Most caged or shackled people "would not behave well" if they "suddenly became free of restraints."
    Americans included.
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  • Posted by 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    An interesting question. When slaves are suddenly liberated, what happens to them? When the American slaves were liberated after the Civil War, how did they cope? Were there slave customs and norms that allowed them to create a working, civilized society?
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  • Posted by $ jlc 10 years, 8 months ago
    In "The Better Angels of our Nature.." Steven Pinker points out that when a cobbled-together peace was put in effect in Ireland and a generation of children grew up expecting NOT to be shot at, a true peace began to emerge.

    With respect to JohnBrown's question, it may be a matter of custom rather than virtue. We have lost the custom of independence and the methods of coping with personal freedom (which our parents' generation had). This is what was has been wrong in Somalia (per DrZarkhov) - they have no custom of civilization. Obama's brother, Malik, wondered out loud (in "2016") if it would have been better for the British to have retained their Imperial Empires in Africa for a couple of generations longer - develop an expectation of civilization (as opposed to tribalization) in the people - before they left. (Though I will note that this did not work in Yugo.) As it is, many countries are trying to leap from the barely Neolithic to the 21st century in a generation...and they have not had time to develop the skills to cope with civilization.

    Similarly, if Americans suddenly became free of restraints, they would not behave well. People (and companies) are not inherently benign and polite. It is only after seeing the repercussions of bad decisions that we develop internal guidelines. I would therefore expect a generation (or several) of opportunism (as in Russia) before we got back to the cultural customs of the first quarter of the 20th century.

    This could probably be mitigated by making specific laws (Amendment?) that pointedly made an individual (corporation) responsible for the direct consequences of their actions (but not implausible - no Hot Coffee! - or collateral) before releasing all of the tens of thousands of burdensome regulations with which we are beset.

    Jan
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  • Posted by johnmahler 10 years, 8 months ago
    YES,yes,yes, a thousand times yes. If you want inspiration and haven't read it, try "The Five Thousand Year Leap". I found it a great read and very inspiring that this genre of thinking is returning to the normal American debate. At Amazon http://www.amazon.com/5000-Year-Leap-Ori...
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  • Posted by DrZarkov99 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    You're describing an orderly, well-managed (by someone) society, which is usually established by a virtuous people. Freedom as you describe it is an end result of agreements between educated people.

    Historically, civilized societies grew from barbarian roots. A sense of ethical behavior developed that established rules by which everyone understood the bounds of freedom. The concept of freedom as we understand it is the result of a long evolution from the uncontrolled, no rules "freedom" of the wild to civilized society. Ethics have to evolve in order for freedom to have a firm existence.
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  • Posted by $ sjatkins 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    The big problem is that the majority do not understand the nature of humans, or that ethics it implies and necessitates, and thus not the politics and state it necessitates. So they fall for anything that sounds good at the moment. This is what allows socialism.
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  • Posted by $ sjatkins 10 years, 8 months ago in reply to this comment.
    Anyone that seeks to initiate force against some for the purported benefit of others is NEVER EVER "well-intentioned".
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