Time Line USA Part 3
June 1868 - Congress readmits representatives from seven states: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina.
July 1868 - The 14th Amendment ratified by the states..
Nov 1868 Grant elected President.
1869-70 -"Redeemer" governments elected across the South. The majority of white Southern voters (Southern Democrats) replace the biracial Republican state governments, created under Congressional reconstruction, with white-only Democratic state governments, which are sympathetic to the former Confederate cause and opposed to racial equality. In 1869 Tennessee establishes a "redeemer" government, with Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia following suit in 1870.
February 1869 - Congress passes the proposed 15th Amendment to the US Constitution. It attempts to shore up the constitutional protection of black voting rights by stipulating that voting rights cannot be denied on the basis of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude." It gives Congress the enforcement authority through appropriate legislation.
April 1869 - Texas v. White, Supreme Court upholds the constitutionality of Congressional Reconstruction. 5-3, Chief Justice Salmon Chase declares that the Union is "composed of indestructible states,"thus making secession illegal; that although Texas had never left the Union, it no longer has a legitimate state government; and Congress has the authority to restore a republic form of government to the state.
[Had Texas seceded and stayed out of it They would be a Republic of some sort tody and my well have carved out their own manifest destiny with seaports on the Pacific. Conjecture. By joining the Confederacy as a State they lost the privileges of the original Lone Star Treaty. Not that a present day US Government would let something like a treaty agreement get in the way. The second bad move by Texas and Southern Democrats was maintaining slaves until five years after the end of the Civil War. By not telling them they were now free.]
Early 1870 - Congress votes to admit representatives from the remaining three unreconstructed states: Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia.
March 1870 - The 15th Amendment is adopted by the requisite number of states and becomes part of the US Constitution.
May 1870 - Congress enacts the first Enforcement Act to enforce the 14th and 15th Amendments. The law makes the bribing, intimidation, or racial discrimination of voters into federal crimes. The statute also strengthens federal authority against anti-black groups like the Ku Klux Klan by outlawing conspiracies aimed at preventing the exercise of constitutional rights. [KKK is later dubbed the Terrorist Arm of Southern Democrats who themselves had regained seats and political powe in Washington DC.]
February 1871 - Congress passes the second Enforcement Act authorizing federal supervision of Congressional elections in cities withpopulations exceeding 20,000. The South was largely unaffected by this law having few cities of that size.
April 1871 - In response to President Grant's request for more federal authority to combat anti-black violence in the South, Congressenacts the Ku Klux Klan Act. It grants the federal government the authority to punish the denial of equal protection or privileges and immunities. In addition, the statute bestows on the president the power to suspend habeas corpus and to use the military against anti-civil rights conspiracies.
October 1871 - President Grant, acting under the authority of the Ku Klux Klan Act, imposes martial law and suspends the writ of habeas corpus in South Carolina.
November 1872 - President Grant wins reelection against his Democratic/Liberal Republican opponent, New York Tribune editor Horace Greeley.
1873 - A redeemer government is elected in Texas.
1874 - Northern and Southern Democrats and Copperheads recombine and win control of both houses of Congress for the first time since before the Civil War. With the support of the Democrats Redeemer governments win control in Arkansas and Alabama.
March 1875 - The outgoing Republican Congress enacts the Civil Rights Act of 1875, It outlaws racial segregation in all public accommodations regulated by law, such as hotels, theaters, steamships, and railroads. The US Supreme Court will rule the law unconstitutional in 1883.
1875 - A redeemer government is elected in Mississippi.
Nov 1876 - The Democratic presidential nominee, wins a narrow majority of the popular vote against the Republican nominee.Electoral votes in three states- South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana are disputed. They are the only Southern states left with federal troops stationed under Reconstruction policy. A bipartisan electoral commission is appointed by Congress to settle the controversy. On a party-line Hayes becomes President.
1877- President Hayes removes the remaining federal troops in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana. Redeemer governments assume power in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana. Reconstruction is formally ended.
1898 Spanish American War
July 1868 - The 14th Amendment ratified by the states..
Nov 1868 Grant elected President.
1869-70 -"Redeemer" governments elected across the South. The majority of white Southern voters (Southern Democrats) replace the biracial Republican state governments, created under Congressional reconstruction, with white-only Democratic state governments, which are sympathetic to the former Confederate cause and opposed to racial equality. In 1869 Tennessee establishes a "redeemer" government, with Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia following suit in 1870.
February 1869 - Congress passes the proposed 15th Amendment to the US Constitution. It attempts to shore up the constitutional protection of black voting rights by stipulating that voting rights cannot be denied on the basis of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude." It gives Congress the enforcement authority through appropriate legislation.
April 1869 - Texas v. White, Supreme Court upholds the constitutionality of Congressional Reconstruction. 5-3, Chief Justice Salmon Chase declares that the Union is "composed of indestructible states,"thus making secession illegal; that although Texas had never left the Union, it no longer has a legitimate state government; and Congress has the authority to restore a republic form of government to the state.
[Had Texas seceded and stayed out of it They would be a Republic of some sort tody and my well have carved out their own manifest destiny with seaports on the Pacific. Conjecture. By joining the Confederacy as a State they lost the privileges of the original Lone Star Treaty. Not that a present day US Government would let something like a treaty agreement get in the way. The second bad move by Texas and Southern Democrats was maintaining slaves until five years after the end of the Civil War. By not telling them they were now free.]
Early 1870 - Congress votes to admit representatives from the remaining three unreconstructed states: Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia.
March 1870 - The 15th Amendment is adopted by the requisite number of states and becomes part of the US Constitution.
May 1870 - Congress enacts the first Enforcement Act to enforce the 14th and 15th Amendments. The law makes the bribing, intimidation, or racial discrimination of voters into federal crimes. The statute also strengthens federal authority against anti-black groups like the Ku Klux Klan by outlawing conspiracies aimed at preventing the exercise of constitutional rights. [KKK is later dubbed the Terrorist Arm of Southern Democrats who themselves had regained seats and political powe in Washington DC.]
February 1871 - Congress passes the second Enforcement Act authorizing federal supervision of Congressional elections in cities withpopulations exceeding 20,000. The South was largely unaffected by this law having few cities of that size.
April 1871 - In response to President Grant's request for more federal authority to combat anti-black violence in the South, Congressenacts the Ku Klux Klan Act. It grants the federal government the authority to punish the denial of equal protection or privileges and immunities. In addition, the statute bestows on the president the power to suspend habeas corpus and to use the military against anti-civil rights conspiracies.
October 1871 - President Grant, acting under the authority of the Ku Klux Klan Act, imposes martial law and suspends the writ of habeas corpus in South Carolina.
November 1872 - President Grant wins reelection against his Democratic/Liberal Republican opponent, New York Tribune editor Horace Greeley.
1873 - A redeemer government is elected in Texas.
1874 - Northern and Southern Democrats and Copperheads recombine and win control of both houses of Congress for the first time since before the Civil War. With the support of the Democrats Redeemer governments win control in Arkansas and Alabama.
March 1875 - The outgoing Republican Congress enacts the Civil Rights Act of 1875, It outlaws racial segregation in all public accommodations regulated by law, such as hotels, theaters, steamships, and railroads. The US Supreme Court will rule the law unconstitutional in 1883.
1875 - A redeemer government is elected in Mississippi.
Nov 1876 - The Democratic presidential nominee, wins a narrow majority of the popular vote against the Republican nominee.Electoral votes in three states- South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana are disputed. They are the only Southern states left with federal troops stationed under Reconstruction policy. A bipartisan electoral commission is appointed by Congress to settle the controversy. On a party-line Hayes becomes President.
1877- President Hayes removes the remaining federal troops in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana. Redeemer governments assume power in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana. Reconstruction is formally ended.
1898 Spanish American War
